The eight edition also provides a shorter list of recommended common academic abbreviations (pp. Common terms in the works-cited list like Editor, edited by, translator and review of are no longer abbreviated.It is very flexible and offers guidelines on how to reference each of them. The 8th edition identifies and focuses on the nine core elements common to most sources. Previous editions focused to the treatment of different types of sources. The 8th edition offers a much more simplified approach as one citation format can be used for all source types. Commas are used in the author's name and between elements within each container. Periods are used after the author, after the title of the source, and at the end of the information for each container. With a few exceptions, the punctuation for citations in the works cited list is restricted to commas and periods and follows a format. Įach citation in a works cited list ends with a period.Ĭitations must appear both in the text of your paper (in-text citations) and in the works cited list at the end of your paper. If a book does not give the publisher or the date of publication, then give what information you might know in square brackets. This is called a hanging indent.Įach entry presents information in a specific order: the author’s name, the title, the publication information.ĭouble-space the entire list, both between and within entries. When arranging the list ignore, but do not omit, “The”, “An” or “A” at the beginning of the title.Īfter the first line each entry is indented ½ inch or 5 spaces from the left margin. The list is arranged alphabetically by the author’s last name, or, if there is no author, by the first word in the title. It is titled (centred, no quotation marks, no underline): The list of works cited appears on a separate page at the end of the essay. This is a list of all the sources you have used to research your paper.
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